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One of the Last Von Braun Rocket Team Members Dies

Sun May 25, 2008 3:03 PM EDT
science, nasa, saturn-v, german-rocket-scientists
By space guy

Stuhlinger Manned Mars Mission With Ion Propulsion

Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger & Author 2007 at his Home
(image copyright Dennis Wingo, All rights reserved)

Ion engine in operation

Stuhlinger Inspired Ion Powered Space Tug (image copyright Skycorp Incorporated, used by permission)

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Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger, one of the last surviving members of the 126 German rocket scientists brought over to the United States after world war II has passed away quietly in Huntsville Alabama. Dr. Stuhlinger was 94 years old.

Partial Biography From Wikipedia:

Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger (born December 19, 1913) was an American atomic, electrical and rocket scientist born in Niederrimbach, Germany. He earned his Ph.D. in physics at age 23, and in 1939 went to work for the German Atomic Energy Program. In 1943, he joined Dr. Wernher von Braun's team at the German village of Peenemuende, where he worked in the field of guidance systems.

He was one of 126 scientists who immigrated to the United States with Dr. von Braun after World War II as part of Operation Paperclip. On April 14, 1955, he became a naturalized United States citizen.
In the 1950s Stuhlinger worked at the Redstone Arsenal, where he developed designs for solar-powered spacecraft. The most popular of those designs relied on ion stream vapor emitted by either caesium or rubidium atoms to be accelerated by negatively charged electrodes which would push the ion stream through a propulsion channel. The mechanism would be powered by the one kilowatt of radiant energy that falls on each square meter of space from the sun. He referred to it as a "sunship."

Stuhlinger was director of the space science lab at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, from 1960 to 1968, and then its associate director for science from 1968 to 1975, when he retired and became an adjunct professor and senior research scientist at the University of Alabama in Huntsville.

I met Dr. Stuhlinger in 1988 in Huntsville when he was working in his retirement at Teledyne Brown Engineering. At the time he was working on a drop tower which is a tower with a vacuum in the middle where a few seconds of microgravity can be generated as the experiment falls from the top to the bottom.

Dr. Stuhlinger's greatest accomplishment was to be one of the key inventors of ion propulsion, which is an ultra efficient means of generating thrust in space to move spacecraft around. The first mission to use this technology was the Space Electric Rocket Test (SERT) in the early 1970's. NASA's Deep Space 1 spacecraft, launched in 1998 depended on ion propulsion for its missions. Many Russian and American missions have used electric thrusters in the past twenty years to conserve fuel and extend the life of GEO spacecraft.

Dr. Stuhlinger designed the first manned ion propulsion system for sending humans to Mars as far back as 1958 (a scanned image is shown here) and by the 1970's he and Von Braun were convinced that ion propulsion would open up the solar system for exploration. This dream is very slowly being realized.

My own interest in ion propulsion was stimulated by Dr. Stuhlinger and today I tip my hat to him and those of his generation that helped to build the rockets that put mankind on the Moon.

Some links to note:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster

http://nmp.nasa.gov/ds1/tech/ionpropfaq.html

http://www.antigravitytechnology.net/anti_gravity_propulsion2.html

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  • Groups: Blue Skies, Newsvine Science, Newsvine Technology, Science And Technology, The Universe
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  • Public Discussion (17)
space guy

Now he knows everything.

  • 5 votes
Reply#1 - Sun May 25, 2008 3:04 PM EDT
space guy

Here is a video tribute done by a friend of mine at Apogee books.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yph4lkYOEeY&eurl=http://www.apogeespacebooks.com/ernst.html

  • 1 vote
#1.1 - Mon May 26, 2008 5:15 PM EDT
Reply
Tedd Riggs

Whoa....I think I must have watched "Mars and Beyond" about 20 times was the first time I heard of him with the umbrella like Mars Ship, that was way way back when I was about 10....He, and Arthur Clarke were some of the earliest memories of my "space hero's. This one however I never had a chance to meet.

Looked like a neat guy. Dang you knew some famous people !

  • 4 votes
Reply#2 - Sun May 25, 2008 3:50 PM EDT
Wheel

I'm guessing he's the short guy and you're the bow-legged one? :)

Sounds like a great man. Thanks for letting us know.

  • 5 votes
Reply#3 - Sun May 25, 2008 3:59 PM EDT
Tedd Riggs

Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger & Author 2007 at his Home

No Dummy ! It says right under the photo, Dr Stuhlinger is on the left, the Author on the right.

Otherwise it would say

Author & Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger at his Home

geez....

  • 4 votes
#3.1 - Sun May 25, 2008 11:06 PM EDT
Reply
Robert Blevins - AB of Seattle

Well, I guess this means your current username is applicable...nice article.

  • 4 votes
Reply#4 - Sun May 25, 2008 5:37 PM EDT
space guy

Dr. Stuhlinger was a very classy guy, even Wheel would have been welcome at his house.

:)

(just teasing Wheel!)

  • 4 votes
#4.1 - Sun May 25, 2008 5:53 PM EDT
Wheel

It was the bowlegged remark wasn't it? :)

  • 4 votes
#4.2 - Sun May 25, 2008 6:18 PM EDT
Reply
Gumwars

Great article SG,

Thanks for sharing.

  • 3 votes
Reply#5 - Sun May 25, 2008 6:00 PM EDT
Forest Browne

I'm so proud that you know him, but I'm wondering if now we'll ever get back to the moon?

Forest

  • 3 votes
Reply#6 - Sun May 25, 2008 7:17 PM EDT
space guy

Forest

We will. I will link to some articles I have recently written on another website about this.

  • 3 votes
#6.1 - Sun May 25, 2008 8:45 PM EDT
Reply
space guy

Here is a great tribute article from the Huntsville Times.

http://blog.al.com/breaking/2008/05/stuhlinger_von_brauns_chief_sc.html

  • 3 votes
Reply#7 - Sun May 25, 2008 9:44 PM EDT
Forest Browne

Sweet link,

I've been watching the landing of the Mars mission today, thank God it didn't blow up...

Forest

  • 2 votes
#7.1 - Sun May 25, 2008 11:27 PM EDT
Reply
Dr Know

I knew him...

  • 2 votes
Reply#8 - Mon May 26, 2008 2:04 AM EDT
space guy

Here is the official Obituary for Dr. Stuhlinger.

Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger
(December 19, 1913 - May 25, 2008)

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Dr. Ernst Stuhlinger, 94, of Huntsville died Sunday. Ernst Stuhlinger was born in 1913 in Niederrimbach, a small farmer's village in southern Germany where his father was the school teacher. He attended high school and university in Tuebingen. Studying physics under Professor Hans Geiger, he graduated in 1936 with a dissertation in cosmic ray physics, and then continued working on cosmic rays and nuclear physics at the Technical University of Berlin. In 1939, he joined the German atomic energy program under Professor Heisenberg. Two years later, he was drafted into the German Army; after spending 18 months as a Pfc. at the Russian front, he was transferred to Wernher von Braun's rocket development center at Peenemuende where he worked on the development of guidance and control systems.
At the end of World War II, von Braun and 126 of his co-workers, including Stuhlinger, were invited by the U. S. Army to continue their rocket development work in the United States, first at Fort Bliss, Texas, and from 1950 on in Huntsville. Under the auspices of the Army, the team grew quickly, developing the Redstone, the Jupiter, and the Pershing missiles. On 31 January, 1958, the von Braun group, together with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, launched Explorer I with a modified Redstone rocket. In 1961, another modified Redstone launched the first American astronaut, Alan B. Shepard, into space on a ballistic trajectory.

In 1960, von Braun's team was transferred to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville. Stuhlinger's main areas of work included the planning of satellite projects, instrumentation for scientific space investigations, studies of electric space propulsion systems, and the organization of in-house research projects. In 1968, Stuhlinger was appointed associate director for science at the G. C. Marshall Space Flight Center. After retiring from NASA in 1976, he joined the University of Alabama in Huntsville, teaching astrophysics and space sciences, and working on a project to develop and test electric automobiles. During those years, he spent several months at the universities of Munich and Heidelberg under the Alexander von Humboldt research award program where he worked out project plans for space probes to asteroids and comets with electric propulsion systems. Later, he joined Teledyne Brown Engineering in Huntsville as a senior research associate and participated in project studies related to materials processing in space, instrumentation for space-borne experiments, rocket-propelled space planes, and manned missions to Mars.

Stuhlinger was awarded honorary degrees from the University of Alabama in Huntsville and the Technical University of Berlin. He was the recipient of numerous other awards and honors.

Survivors include his wife, Irmgard Stuhlinger; sons, Tilman Werner Stuhlinger of Tucson, Arizona, and H. Christoph Stuhlinger of Monticello, Arkansas; daughter, Susanne Schmidt and husband Siegfried of Heidenheim, Germany; grandsons, Andreas W. Schmidt of Aachen, Germany and Alexander E. Schmidt of Hannover, Germany; sister, Elisabeth Schmidt of Ludwigsburg, Germany; numerous nieces and nephews and a host of friends and associates.

Visitation will be from 6 to 8 p.m. Thursday at Laughlin Service Funeral Home. A memorial service will be at 11 a.m. Saturday at St. Mark's Lutheran Church with the Rev. Dennis Fakes officiating. The burial will be private.

In lieu of flowers, memorials may be made to the von Braun Scholarship Fund at UAH, the U.S. Space and Rocket Center, Wiregrass Hospice, or a favorite charity.

  • 2 votes
Reply#9 - Mon May 26, 2008 4:02 PM EDT
backroads

space, did you see the recent PBS "Secrets of the Dead" program describing the scientists and the top-secret program which spirited them to the U.S.? Of course, some ended up with the Russians.

  • 3 votes
Reply#10 - Mon May 26, 2008 5:55 PM EDT
Cash

One of my favorite quotes from "The Right Stuff" (movie) was when Johnson asked how the Reds were able to get Sputnik up and if it was their Germans and von Braun said, "No. Our Germans are better zan zeir Germans."

Indeed they were.

  • 3 votes
Reply#11 - Tue May 27, 2008 12:47 PM EDT
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